This worship has a strong basis in the Qur'an and authentic hadiths which explain the obligations, virtues, and manners in carrying it out.
The following is a collection of evidence from the Quran and authentic hadiths related to fasting during Ramadan.
Evidence from the Quran about Fasting Ramadan
The Obligation of Fasting
Allah SWT says in Surah Al-Baqarah verse 183:
"O you who believe! Fasting is prescribed for you as it was prescribed for those before you, that you may become righteous." (QS. Al-Baqarah: 183)
Determining Fasting Times
"(That is) in certain days. So whoever among you is sick or on a journey (and then he breaks the fast), then he must make up for the number of days he missed on other days. And for those who find it difficult to do it, there must be a fidyah, which is to feed a poor person. But whoever does good voluntarily, it is better for him, and fasting is better for you, if you only knew." (QS. Al-Baqarah: 184)
Fasting in the Month of Ramadan
"The month of Ramadan is that in which was revealed the Qur'an, a guidance for mankind and clear proofs of guidance and the criterion (between right and wrong). So whoever of you is present (in his country of residence) in it, he should fast; and whoever is sick or on a journey, he should make up for it with other days. Allah intends ease for you, and does not intend hardship for you. So complete the number and glorify Allah for His guidance that He has given you, that you may be grateful." (QS. Al-Baqarah: 185)
Evidence from Sahih Hadith about Fasting Ramadan
Fasting as atonement for sins
"Whoever fasts in the month of Ramadan out of faith and hoping for a reward from Allah, his past sins will be forgiven." (Narrated by Bukhari No. 38, Muslim No. 760)
The Virtues of a Fasting Person
"Indeed, there is a gate in Paradise called Ar-Rayyan, which will be entered by those who fast on the Day of Resurrection, and no one will enter through it except them. It will be said to them, 'Where are those who fast?' So they will enter, and after they have entered, the gate will be closed, so that no one will be able to enter through it." (HR. Bukhari No. 1896, Muslim No. 1152)
Fasting as Protection from Hellfire
"Fasting is a shield that protects from the fire of hell, just like a shield in war." (Narrated by Ahmad, No. 8631, An-Nasa'i, No. 2223)
The Night of Power
"Whoever establishes (worship) on the night of Laylatul Qadr with full faith and hoping for a reward from Allah, his past sins will be forgiven." (HR. Bukhari No. 1901, Muslim No. 760)
The Importance of Suhoor
"Eat sahur, because indeed in sahur there is blessing." (HR. Bukhari No. 1923, Muslim No. 1095)
People Who Fast Will Have Two Happinesses
"The fasting person has two joys: a joy when he breaks his fast and a joy when he meets his Lord." (Narrated by Bukhari No. 1904, Muslim No. 1151)
Conclusion
Fasting during Ramadan has a strong basis in the Quran and authentic hadiths. This worship is not only a form of obedience to Allah SWT, but also has many virtues such as the removal of sins, protection from hellfire, and great reward with Allah.
Therefore, let us carry out the Ramadan fast with sincerity and piety in order to obtain mercy and forgiveness from Allah SWT.